Members of the public must be able to trust that the criminal investigation service carries out its work effectively. However, the criminal investigation work of the Dutch police is under pressure from a variety of challenges. This thesis examines bottlenecks in criminal investigation work and the factors contributing to them. Based on interviews with detectives and managers, and observations within various detective departments, the research shows that bottlenecks do not arise solely from structural circumstances such as staff shortages, pressure to account for actions and technological developments. Culture and professional identity amongst detectives also play a significant role. Beliefs and values considered important within the criminal investigation service can both strengthen and hinder investigative work. For instance, they can limit innovation and knowledge development, push rules and meticulous reporting into the background, or lead to reluctance to share information or hold colleagues to account. Furthermore, the research shows that detectives differ in their views on what constitutes good detective work. These differences can contribute to innovation, but also to internal tensions. The research concludes that bottlenecks in criminal investigations are not the result of individual errors or incidents, but stem from an interplay of organisational structure, culture and professional identity. Sustainable improvement in criminal investigations therefore requires a broad approach, with a focus on reflection and professional development at multiple levels.
Anouk van Schaik is a criminologist specialising in police and criminal investigation work. Between 2015 and 2018, she completed her Bachelor’s degree in Criminology at Erasmus University in Rotterdam. She subsequently obtained her Master’s degree in Investigative Criminology cum laude from VU University Amsterdam in 2019. She carried out her PhD research at the Department of Criminal Law and Criminology at Radboud University Nijmegen. She currently works for the National Police Organisation.