Critical minerals are connected to climate finance, particularly to the energy and digital technologies, like solar panels, electric vehicles, wind turbines, and semiconductors. Moreover, critical minerals and rare earths are the central elements for trade protectionism and retaliations, like the trade war between China and US (included the EU), and it is also part of the access for minerals for defense (drones, digital technologies). The research aim of this project is to develop a critical legal perspective on the theme from the Global South, particularly for emerging economies like Brazil, India and China.
