• Critically discuss the historical evolotion of urban and regional doctrines.
• Reflect critically on the adaptability of anarchist, social utopian, City Beautiful, Garden City, spatial science, Marxist and postmodern theories to concrete problems.
• Reflect critically on their own professional roles and ambitions
• Apply the insight gained from anarchist, social utopian, City Beautiful, Garden City, spatial science, Marxist and postmodern theories to a Nijmegen-based planning area.
• Develop the ability to survey a plan area and design interventions.
• Work productively and creatively on research portfolios  in small teams.
• Speak confidently and well on findings of research assignments at a level adequate for 2nd year.
• Conduct field work in a Nijmegen-based planning area at a level adequate for 2nd year.

Geography and Environmental studies are adressed in historical order, focusing mainly on the modern era.

Content goals: to introduce second-year students to the major schools of thought developed over the years in Geography, Environmental Studies and Planning. To demonstrate the links between theories in these three fields, and to allow, through historic overview, an understanding of their development and mutual influence. Thus, to elaborate on the interrelationship between an understanding of the world and intervention - in the form of politics and policy - to change this world.

Methodological goals: to move from an understanding of isolated theoretical constructs (concepts) to full theory. Similarly, to experiment with using theory for the analysis and assessment of practical cases.

The course is structured principally through lectures on the major schools of planning, geographical and environmental thought as they have emerged since the late 19^th century, throughout the 20^th century and leading into the present time. Active student participation during and after lectures will be encouraged. Weekly working groups will apply and develop ideas presented in the lectures in PPT form, with each student group focusing on a Nijmegen-based urban planning issue. Completed PPTs will be discussed in plenary form, uploaded on Blackboard, and presented to the entire class at the end of the course. An individually written final exam will serve as the primary source of evaluation for the course.

Course Grading
Group student presentations = 40%
Final exam = 60%